ESA is Working on Asteroid Defense Research Mission

In a laudable initiative to defend our planet against the substantial threat that rogue asteroids on a collision course pose to us, the European Space Agency (ESA) is presenting a research mission proposal to test defense-satellites and also calls for research ideas to further develop the US-European asteroid deflection mission that is currently being drafted.

ESA's call will help to guide future studies linked to the Asteroid Impact and Deflection mission - AIDA.

Concepts are being sought for both ground- and space-based investigations, seeking improved understanding of the physics of very high-speed collisions involving both man-made and natural objects in space - basically, what exactly happens when we let a satellite crash into asteroids like a projectile shooting it, and what happens when we let two asteroids crash into each other?

An innovative but low-budget transatlantic partnership involves the joint operations of two small spacecraft sent to intercept a binary asteroid.

The first Double Asteroid Redirection Test (DART) spacecraft, designed by the US Johns Hopkins Applied Physics Laboratory will collide with the smaller of the two asteroids.

Meanwhile, ESA's Asteroid Impact Monitor (AIM) craft will survey these bodies in detail, before and after the collision. The impact should change the pace at which the objects spin around each other, observable from Earth. But AIM's close-up view will 'ground-truth' such observations.

"The advantage is that the spacecraft are simple and independent," says Andy Cheng of Johns Hopkins, leading the AIDA project on the US side. "They can both complete their primary investigation without the other one."

But by working in tandem, the quality and quantity of results will increase greatly, explains Andrés Gálvez, ESA AIDA study manager: "Both missions become better when put together - getting much more out of the overall investment."

"And the vast amounts of data coming from the joint mission should help to validate various theories, such as our impact modelling."